lowden



2 Sheet-Sheet 1.

E. M.' LOWDEN.

, Lamp. No. 232,521. Patented Sept. 21,1880.

W1 NEssEs 27 ATTORNE' 2 Sheets--Sheett 2.

B;M.L0WDEN.

- Lamp. No. 232,521. Patented Sept. 21,1880.

ATTORNEY N4 PETERS. FHOTO-LITHOGRAPHEH. wAsNxNGTON. C'v C.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EDWARD M. LOWDEN, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

LAMP.

SPECIFICATION formingpart of Letters Patent No. 232,521, dated September 21,` 1880,

` Application filed January 3, 1880.

To all whom it may concern.:

Be it known that I, EDWARD M. LowDEN of New York, in the county of New York and State of New` York, have invented certain new and useful Im provements in Foun t-Lam ps; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it pertains to make and use it, referen'ce beinghad to the accompanying drawings, which form part of this specification.

My invention relates to an improvement in foun t-lam ps, the object being to provide afountlamp which shall be simple and durable in its construction, of small initial cost, and rendered safe from danger of explosions; and to these ends my invention consists in the novel construction and combinations of parts, as will hereinafter be described, and pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a view, in side elevation, of my improved fountlamp. Fig. 2 is a vertical section of the same; and Fig. 3 is a transverse section through one arm of the lamp, showing the diaphragm located between the main body of the fount and supply-arm or conduit connected therewith.

Ais the pendant of the lamp, which may be of any desired design and construction.

B is the main body of the fount, having a tube, a, secured through its center for the reception of the lower end of pendant A. Fount B is provided with a llingiaperture and a cap, b, having a vent-hole, b', formed therein for the passage of air into the fount.

. C is an indicator connected with the fount for registering the height of oil therein, and thus enabling the fount to be lled to any desired extent without danger of the oil running over and escaping from the llingaperture.

The oppositeends of the main bodyB of the fount are provided with diaphragms G C', each of which is provided with upperv and lower perforations, c c', perforations c serving as airpassages, while the lower perforations, c, serve as oil-passages. Io the outer sides of the diaphragms G C are secured the hollow arms D D', which are of irregular conical form,

the upper sides being straight and in the same horizontal plane as the upper side of the main body B of the fount, while the lower sides of the arms are upwardly tapered.

E E are wick-tubes`attached to the outer ends of the hollow arms D D', and properly braced by the braces F F. The upper ends of wick-tubes have vapor-burners Gr G',- removably secured thereto by means of screwcaps H H.

Vapor-burners G G' are each constructed as follows: I represents a wick-tube of any desired length, having a burner-head, K, connected with its upper end, said head K consisting of the two disks h h and intermediate cylinder i', having any desired number of small 1 perforations j formed therein for the esca-pe of the vapor. Below the lower disk, k', is

placed a lighting-cup, 7c, into which oil isv poured and lighted for heating the burner-head and vaporizing the burning-liuid for lighting the lamp. To the lower end of the tube I, or to the screw-cap H, is secured one end of a small vent-tube, L, the opposite end of which extends toward the pendant Vva sufficient dis-` tance to enable any explosive gases generated in the wick-tube to be allowed to escape therefrom and be discharged at a safe distance from the burner, and thus avoid explosions.

Instead of having the vent-tube L terminate between the pendant and wick-tubes, as shown `in the drawings, they may extend to the lower or upper end of the pendant and be attached thereto, and may be made straight or spiral and left plain, or may be suitably ornamented, as desired, and their outer ends attached to the upper ends of the wick-tubes.

In the operation of the lamp the burnertube is lled with wicking or other absorbent or capillary material, which extends into the wick-tube. The hollow arms are also filled with wicking or any other equivalent absorbent material, which extends into the bottom of the wick-tubes. Oil or other burning-fluid is then introduced into the main body B of the fount through the filling-aperture, and when the indicator denotes that the fbnnt is filled the screw-cap .is inserted and secured in thelling-aperture. The oil iiows through the perforations c in the lower portionl of the diaphragms into the hollow arms, filling the latter, and also flowing into the wick-tubes, thus supplying the wick-tubes for the burners. 'When a portion ofthe oil has beenconsumed, so that its level in the main fount is below the opening at the juncture of the hollow arms and wick-tubes, the inclosed wicking will serve to draw the oil from the fount and conduct it to the wick-tube.

My improvement prevents the puffing of the burner caused in fomit-lamps of ordinary construction by the sudden flow of oil from the main fount into the wick-tubes when the lampis suddenly moved oraccidentally shaken. The diaphragms located between the main body of the 'ount and the hollow arms serve to insure a gradual and limited iiowyof oil to the burners, and thus secure an even and continuous iiame. The vent-hole in the filling-cap allows air to freely enter the upper portion of the fount when the oil has been partially consumed, and thus prevent the formation of apartial vacuum, which would prevent the iiuid from flowing freely to the wick-tubes. The vent-tube conneetedwith the burner-cap provides a safe escape for any explosive gases that may be generated in the wick-tube, and, in connection with the vent-holein the lillingcap, insures a free circulation of air for supplying the burner.

Instead of attaching separate wick-tubes to the outer ends of the hollow arms, the outer ends of the latter may be formed into wicktubes, if desired.

It is evident that many slight changes in the construction and relative arrangement of the several parts of my improvement may be made without involving a departure from the 4o spirit of my invention; and hence I would have it understood that I do not limit myself to the exact construction and arrangement of parts shown and described; but

Having fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. In a lamp, the combination, with the main fount provided with hollow tapering arms having wick-tubes secured to their outer ends 5o and wicking or equivalent material placed within the hollow arms and extending downwardly into the wick-tubes, of diaphragms interposed between the hollow tapering arms and opposite ends of the main fount, said diaphragms provided with oil-passages in their lower portions and with air-passages in their upper portions, substantially as set forth.

2. In a lamp, the combination, with the main fount provided with hollow tapering arms 6c having wick-tubes secured to their outer ends and wicking or equivalent material placed within the hollow arms and extending downwardly into the wick-tubes, of diaphragms interposed between the hollow tapering arms and opposite ends ofthe main fount, said diaphragms provided with oil-passages in their lower portions and with air-passages in their upper portions, and bent tubes connected with the wick-tubes and extending laterally there- 7o from, substantially as set forth.

In testimony that I claim the 'foregoing I have hereunto set my hand.

EDWARD MORTIMER LOWDEN.

Witnesses CHARLES W. SPARHAWK, MILLARD FILLMORE WALTON. 

